low count rate detection
particle detection, radiation detection, neutron detection, Geiger–Müller counter, scintillation counter, scintillation tracker, scintillation detector
Classical Geiger–Müller counters, scintillation-based field detectors, and a lot of other particle detectors detect the radiation that is emitted by charged particles in rough spectral resolution. Quite differently, a much higher spectral resolution is implemented in low count rate detection.
Using single ion counting, low levels of radiation can be detected and characterized. In the area of radiation safety and non-proliferation small amounts of unknown nuclear material can be detected and identified using its spectra signature. Examples are special nuclear material (SNM) and shielded highly enriched uranium (HEU).